Efficiency of the Anti-HPV Vaccination Campaign

Efficiency of the Anti-HPV Vaccination Campaign Was the anti HPV vaccination campaign sufficiently organized? Abstract The fight against cervical cancer through vaccination and screening brings an important long-term benefit in controlling and decreasing this type of cancer. The purposes and objectives of the research were followed by a questionnaire composed of 6 questions that follows the awareness on primary prevention through vaccination of cervical cancer, of 484 parents whose children were recommended to get vaccinations. The results highlighted that although people did not know the benefits, contraindications, possible adverse reactions, and also the international use of the vaccine in a big number, they participated in taking a decision about vaccination of their own children anyway. The faulty organisation of these campaigns bring prejudicial actions of the vaccination campaigns, generally by forcing people to take decisions without the adequate information. Introduction The increased incidence of the neoplastic disorder occurrences, the high rate of their complications, their medical-surgical emergency appearance that they have and last but not least , the high cost of the treatment and the likelihood of recurrence that are aspects that highlight the medical world. Therefore, in recent years, efforts have been directed towards determining the precise pathogenesis, detection of the risk factors and the application of effective methods of prevention[1-4]. There are two elements of the application of effective prophylaxis against cervical cancer screening, through early identification of dysplastic changes and vaccination, which together lead to a cumulative reduction in the risk of cervical cancer up to 94%, fact that is calculated on advanced mathematical models . [5] The fight against cervical cancer has an advantage represented by the discovery and involvement in the etiology of this type of cancer: Human papilloma virus infection (HPV). The knowle dge of one of the etiological factors of this condition can lead us to implement an effective prevention strategy that brings significant long-term benefits in controlling and decreasing number of cases of cervical cancer. Because vaccination actions need to have a significant impact on the population, it is necessary to fulfil two conditions: first, vaccination should include a larger number of people and secondary, the existence of a competent immune system in people vaccinated, enabling the production of a effective titer of antibodies anti HPV.[6,7]. At the same time, the success of a vaccination campaign can be reflected in the number of people who approved the vaccination and is even more successful if there was a full and proper public information about the importance of this medical act that is performed.[8] The purpose and objectives of the research The research is aimed to evaluate the level of awareness of primary prevention by vaccinating for cervical cancer of people, that, at a certain point, were put in position to take a decision for administering it to their children or not. Material and Methods To accomplish this work, we developed a number of 6 questions grouped in a questionnaire, which was applied to a sample of 484 people, respectively parents of schoolgirls in grades V-IX, in January June 2010. The questionnaire was used to collect data relating to the information held by the interviewees on the primary prevention of cervical cancer vaccination. The batch included people of the city of Brasov, from General School no. 12 and from Nicolae Titulescu High School, but also from the rural areas from the General School of Hălchiu and General School of Satu Nou. The respondents were chosen randomly, every third person being selected from the ones that attended the parent meetings of those years. At the beginning of the meeting, people were instructed on how to properly complete the questionnaire. Initially 492 questionnaires were completed, of which we selected 484, 8 of them being excluded for various reasons (incomplete, unclear, unlysed). Results Characterization study group From the sample studied, 308(64%) were female and 176(36%) remaining were males, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. STRUCTURE OF THE ANALYSED GROUP BY GENDER The average age of the group is 45 years, with minimum 30 years and maximum of 60 years. Framing parents in the age groups mentioned in the questionnaire can be viewed in Figure 2. Figure 2. STRUCTURE OF THE ANALYSED GROUP BY AGE Most parents of students in classes V to IX have elementary education, respectively 310 of them, and only one third have completed high school. The remaining 16 have a university degree. Graphical format depending on education level is found in Figure 3. Figure 3. STRUCTURE OF THE ANALYSED GROUP BASED ON THE EDUCATION LEVEL Of the 484 people surveyed, 246(51%) of them are from urban areas and 238(49%) in rural areas, aspect illustrated in Figure 4 Figure 4. STRUCTURE OF THE ANALYSED GROUP BASED ON THE DOMICILE The results of the completed questionnaire In taking a decision, it is extremely important to understand the action and the purpose of the action, so the answers on this issue in the perspective of parents are shown in Table 1 and Figure 5 Table 1. THE GOALS OF VACCINATION IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF PARENTS Regarding the awareness of the parents about the international use of the vaccine, 291(60,1%) of the respondents were not informed about it and 3(0,6%) parents have failed to respond to results, results found in Figure 6. Figure 6. THE AWARENESS OF THE PARENTS ABOUT INTERNATIONAL USE OF THE VACCINE Regarding the knowledge of the benefits of vaccination of the parents surveyed 148(30,5%) responded affirmative, 321(66,3%) negative and 15(3,2%) gave no response, these issues are exposed in Figure 7. Figure 7. KNOWLEDGE OF THE BENEFITS OF VACCINATION Contraindications and adverse reactions following vaccination, after evaluating the results of the questionnaire were listed as respondents as: unknown by 392(81%), known by 89(18%), and three parents(1%) who avoided to respond as shown in Figure 8. Figure 8. KNOWLEDGE OF CONTRAINDICATIONS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS A further question is aimed to outline a personal assessment on the perception of the level of knowledge on the subject of the anti-HPV vaccination. Most people surveyed, precisely 412 parents(85%) admitted that they do not have enough information to take a decision on HPV vaccination, 72(15%) felt they possess the necessary knowledge as shown in Figure 9. Figure 9. THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ON THE SUBJECT OF THE ANTI-HPV VACCINATION The last question was aimed at identifying the number of respondents who would recommend carrying out the vaccination of their children. 256(53%) of the respondents refused vaccination, while 222(46%) took part in the vaccination campaign, 6(1%) of them abstained or failed to respond, aspect illustrated in Figure 10. Figure 10. THE INTENTION OF CARRYING OUT THE VACCINATION OF THEIR CHILDREN Discussions The evaluation of the responses of the parents of the schoolgirls classes V to IX have highlighted a clear disparity between the quantity and quality of information held by them in respect of the anti-HPV vaccine and the decision, often unfavourable to participate in the vaccination campaign. The lot that was questioned consisted predominantly of women (64%), the average age of the group is 45 years, half residing in rural areas and half in urban areas. The aim of vaccination was found to protect against a deadly disease and vaccine testing in a proportion of 42% and 46%, which reveals from the beginning that the true objective of performing a vaccination campaign, namely the protection of persons target is unknown by the public. Moreover, for the respondent it is unknown that before marketing a vaccine and releasing it to the general public, there are carried out numerous clinical studies beforehand, whose results support or on contrary, they preclude the type of vaccine widely targeted populations for whom it is addressed. To not neglect the view of 10% of the respondents consider that it is strictly a business of the Ministry of Health. The fact that the vaccine is already used internationally is only known by 39% of its respondents. Knowing this was a beneficial aspect by example, illustrating the fact that other countries administers this vaccine for several years. The knowledge of the characteristics of a vaccine and related benefits, contraindications and / or possible side effects associated with vaccination could cause people to whom it is addressed pertinent to make a decision in favour of or against its implementation. The group to whom questions were addressed regarding this issue, has shown that up to 66% did not know the beneficial aspects of implementation of the vaccine and 81% were not informed of any contraindications and side effects that may occur. The questions were intended to highlight if the population that was asked to take a decision to consider vaccination that is sufficiently informed or not. 84% of respondents admit they do not have sufficient arguments for or against vaccinations. The last question was aimed to highlight the proportion of people who recommend vaccinating their own children in the context of knowing more or less the vaccination aspects. Interpretation of the results highlighted that 53% of the people do not wish to participate in the campaign. Conclusion In general, the aspects of vaccination are little known and this is more clear in the context of a fast ongoing campaign with lack of adequate information by any means (media, fliers, specialists). The group surveyed demonstrated that although they did not know the benefits, contraindications, adverse reactions possible, the international use of the vaccine, in a big proportion , they participated in taking a decision about immunizing their children. The success of such campaigns are ensured only through a rigorous organization involving all those entitled (specialists, family physicians, media) that provide pertinent information related to all aspects associated to the medical vaccination so that the decisions (positive or negative) are being acknowledged. In the opposite event it is a guaranteed failure, parents are forced to take important decisions about the future health of their children, without having minimum knowledge related to vaccination. Paradoxically, the majority of th e parents surveyed refused vaccination, although they acknowledged that their decision is not based on medical reasons. A organisation like this one may have faulty remote effects and in time to see an increase that is more accentuated (because it is already manifesting) and the refusal of vaccinations in general.

Essay Writing for Ipad and Computer Contrast

The rivalry between Ipad and PC users is well-documented and increasingly complicated. Each time a new gadget enters the marketplace, consumers have more decisions to make about how they want to check email, watch movies, download music, and surf the web. But outside the typical debate, what should an end user consider when deciding between an iPad and a laptop PC? At one time, the laptop was the height of portability, offering a slim, lightweight device that could be slipped into a bag or carrying case. The iPad, however, is only a little more than one and a half pounds, and is easily transported regardless of what you decide to carry it in.Furthermore, the iPad is easier to operate in awkward positions, such as on the subway or in the car. The downside is the smaller screen size, which might be an issue when editing photos or playing games. It is important to realize that the iPad and the laptop PC were designed for separate functions. While some of the applications overlap, this i s usually the deciding point for consumers. If you are interested primarily in social media, ebooks, and other content consumption, an iPad is more than adequate. However, those who spend a lot of time typing or designing might prefer a laptop PC.The applications available for the laptop are far more comprehensive. You can buy a mouse and keyboard for use with the iPad, but that costs extra money and reduces the portability benefit. One of the biggest benefits of the iPad is the intuitive, user-friendly. The screen has more pixels and is generally more beautiful to look at than any of the laptop PCs on the market. This can be a huge benefit for consumers and professionals who want to enjoy working on their chosen device. Laptop PCs are notorious for battery life, requiring a charge every three to four hours.An iPad 3, on the other hand, can last up to 10 hours on a charge, which means you won't have to go looking for an outlet as quickly when you're on the go. Most serious gamers st ick with a desktop computer for graphics-intensive games. Lighter fare will operate on a laptop PC, which might be a selling point. Of course, there are thousands of games applications made specifically for the iPad, so it depends on your preferences. Check out the games that most interest you to determine how you might be able to play them on each device.

2 Year Better Than 4

ESLL26-08 04/17/2013 Journal Homework#1 In the article that I read, â€Å"Two Years Are Better Than Four†, Liz Addison, expresses her opinion on community colleges, which she believes that the community college system should be regarded as one of America’s uniquely great institutions, not only because community colleges lets students have a place to start their higher education, but also because community colleges is critical to the nation by offering people a network of affordable future, of accessible hope, and an option to dream.Addison firstly refutes Rick Perlstein’s opinion and states â€Å"My guess, reading between the lines, is that Mr. Perlstein has never set foot in an American Community College†. Then coupled with the writing that came before this statement, this line sets up Addison’s paper and provides the reader with her thesis â€Å"The philosophy of the community college is one that unconditionally allows its students to begin†. And Addison properly concluded her opinion of community colleges towards the end of the essay that the community college really matters to these students, from different backgrounds.It services them a way to prove themselves who would never breathe the college experience. From where I stand, I would look on the community college as a turning point for the whole life rather than a start. Regardless of what background you had or how horrible your life was — yes, they make everyone equal —- and there you will have one shot, one opportunity to make your whole life a big turn. For workers, they will approach the higher education.Community colleges make a balance of occupation and education for them; it becomes possible to take the class after working. The working people have already had rich experience, but lacking of theoretical knowledge, and there they may master it so that they can make progress in their work and improve the quality of their lives. For students who a re not ready for the 4-year universities, they will find discovery of a two-year preparation and transfer to a better university. Take myself as an example.I graduate from a high school in China and just moved in America last month. Failing the exam or dropping out of school may happen to me if I go to a 4-year university directly without language training and then I would spend the rest of my life in the restaurant on waiting tables. Thank of the community college, it offers a key to the American society and live that I can grow up a little bit with my first English class, a bit more with making American friends, a whole lot more with understanding American culture. My life is going to turn with just a placement test.

Comparison Of The Plymouth And Plymouth Plantation Colonies

Plymouth Jamestown Colonies Sailing overseas from England to a new world were two colonies The Jamestown Colony and The Plymouth Plantation colony travel for their own beneficial reasons to better their lives . both colonies were very different and had different ways , but both faced similar survival situations. Captain John Smith and his crew initially traveled to America to make money in regards to becoming wealthy. The ship mainly contained men. Every man for themselves type of relationship. They would survive off trading methods, for example they would trade off biscuits for something beneficial whether it is money,furs, or love. They came a long way , but they were every brutal and unsuccessful. Their captain John Smith left†¦show more content†¦the Plymouth colony was more like a community everyone helped each other they came as one, of course, these were families and loved ones so yeah, they were going to care more for each other and help each other if one another got sick. The Captain of Jamestown Colony was John Smith by talk was not a very good captain the colony of Jamestown was not a very successful and John Smith decided to leave and never return back. Captain of Plymouth Plantation was none other than William Bradford and by talk was a very good captain did everythin g in his power to help his people and cared for them very much , he had a strong base to help his people built the colony up despite coming to a new word on survival mode was definitely hard. Bradford maintains in the Plymouth plantation till the end of this day. Traveling overseas is very harsh, months and months on a ship with no privacy ,no bathrooms, and very little food. I’m sure both colonies faced starvation as well as deaths from exposure to new diseases , infections, and lack of nutrition. Colonies came a long way from England to see a new world to start a new foundation , but they encountered Native Americans who had already established a living here . 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